Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and strength, making bones fragile and more likely to break. It develops when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both, leading to porous and weakened bones. Osteoporosis often progresses silently without symptoms until a fracture occurs, most commonly in the hip, spine, or wrist. Risk factors include aging, hormonal changes (especially after menopause), low calcium and vitamin D intake, lack of physical activity, smoking, and certain medications.