Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease in which the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually wears away, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility, most often affecting the knees, hips, hands, and spine. It typically develops slowly with age, though joint injuries, repetitive stress, obesity, and genetics can increase the risk. Unlike inflammatory arthritis, osteoarthritis is primarily mechanical, but inflammation can occur as the joint deteriorates.